In today’s article, we will discuss how to address complex issues like Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) (APA, 2014) using the Single Session Therapy (SST) method.
What is Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is an anxiety syndrome characterized by the presence of recurring or persistent thoughts, impulses, or images (obsessions) that are experienced as intrusive or distressing by the person. The individual attempts to ignore or suppress them by performing repetitive behaviors or mental acts (compulsions) (APA, 2014).
How does it manifest in a person’s life?
Typically, symptoms of OCD begin gradually and tend to vary in severity over time. They often worsen when the person experiences intense stress.
Here are some ways people may manifest this issue:
- Compulsive cleaning or hand washing associated with fears of contamination.
- Repeated checking of objects (e.g., turned-off stove, closed door) to prevent damage or danger.
- Compulsive hoarding of unnecessary or unused items for fear that something bad may happen if they are discarded.
- Pathological doubt about actions, where if not done correctly, something terrible may occur or punishment may follow.
- Obsession with orderliness and superstitions related to certain numbers, colors, or arrangements of objects.
What consequences does the problem cause?
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder is considered a difficult disorder to treat due to its persistence and the presence of disabling symptoms that significantly interfere with a person’s routine, both in the workplace (or school) and in relationships, family, and social life.
How is OCD addressed?
The most common treatments for OCD symptoms are pharmacological therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), which consists of two distinct treatments: Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) therapy and Cognitive Therapy (CT) (Abramowitz, 1997). In both cases, the prescribed treatments are long-term and require frequent sessions. Although the validity of these treatments is recognized, the difficulties and suffering experienced by individuals and their families call for the introduction of new treatment programs in addition to the traditional ones.
Does SST represent one of these options?
In recent years, the method of Single Session Therapy has been experimented with to address this issue. SST, as mentioned earlier, is based on the idea that a single session can be effective in addressing even complex issues, just like a longer traditional therapeutic path.
How is it applied in this situation?
One way to use SST in treating OCD is to help the individual identify obsessive thoughts and behaviors through a clear and operational definition of the problem. From there, the therapist, once the goal is agreed upon, offers suggestions to interrupt all the solutions put into place that are not solving the problem. Finally, through specific techniques, the therapist helps the person identify and implement all the internal and external resources and any strategies to manage dysfunctional behaviors (CannistrĂ & Piccirilli, 2018).
What advantages does SST offer?
An important advantage of SST is that it can be more accessible for clients since it requires fewer financial resources and fewer therapeutic sessions over time. Additionally, some individuals may find it easier to dedicate time to a single therapy session rather than scheduling repeated weekly visits over extended periods.
Is it a valid method for everyone?
Not everyone with this issue will benefit from SST. Some clients may require a longer therapeutic course to adequately address their symptoms. It is important for both clients and therapists to carefully assess whether Single Session Therapy is the most appropriate approach, considering the severity of symptoms, risk factors, and available resources.
Conclusion
In conclusion, Single Session Therapy represents a new and effective method for treating Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Its effectiveness is supported by several scientific studies and can offer a more cost-effective alternative for some patients compared to traditional long-term therapy. However, it is crucial for individuals and therapists to work together to determine whether SST is the best option for their needs.
Angelica Giannetti
Psychologist, Psychotherapist
Team of the Italian Center for Single Session Therapy
References
American Psychiatric Association (2014). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, DSM-5. Raffaello Cortina.
CannistrĂ F. & Piccirilli F. (2018). Single Session Therapy: Principles and Practices. Giunti Editore.
Nardone, G., Portelli, C. (2005). Knowing through changing: the evolution of brief strategic therapy. Glasgow: Crown House Publishing.
Nardone G., Balbi E. (2008). Solcare il mare all’insaputa del cielo. Lezioni sul cambiamento terapeutico e le logiche non ordinarie. Milano: Ponte alle Grazie.
Nardone G, Verbitz T, Milanese R. (1999). The prisons of food: strategic solution-oriented research and treatment of eating disorders. London: Karnac Publishing.
Abramowitz, JS. (1997). Effectiveness of psychological and pharmacological treatments for obsessive-compulsive disorder: a quantitative review. J Consult Clin Psychol, 65:44–52.
[No authors listed] (1997). Treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Expert Consensus Panel for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. J Clin Psychiatry;58(Suppl 4):2–72.